New Delhi: Adults diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute respiratory infection (RSV-ARI) face a significantly higher risk of mortality—2.7 times greater—within one year compared to the general population, according to new research presented at the ESCMID Global Congress 2025 in Austria.
The study analyzed health data from 5,289 Danish adults aged over 18 who were diagnosed with RSV-ARI between 2011 and 2022. Their outcomes were compared with those of 15,867 age- and sex-matched individuals from the general population, and all participants were monitored for one year following RSV-ARI onset.
“One of the most striking findings was the long-lasting impact of RSV-ARI,” said lead researcher Dr. Maria João Fonseca. “Even beyond the acute infection, these patients experienced significantly worse health outcomes compared to the general population.”
RSV is a common and highly contagious virus primarily affecting the respiratory tract. While it is well known for causing illness in infants and young children, this study sheds light on the severe consequences of RSV in adults, particularly those with pre-existing respiratory conditions.
The researchers found that adults with RSV-ARI not only faced a higher risk of death but also suffered from increased hospitalizations and intensive care admissions. The most frequently observed complications included exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.
“These chronic conditions are already burdensome, and RSV-ARI further worsens their severity,” Fonseca explained. She emphasized the need for heightened vigilance among healthcare providers, especially when treating adults with underlying respiratory illnesses.
Beyond the clinical toll, the findings also highlighted the economic burden associated with RSV-ARI. Increased hospital stays, intensive care needs, and ongoing treatments contribute to rising healthcare costs, further stressing health systems.
The study underscores the need for increased awareness and proactive management of RSV-ARI in adults—particularly those with chronic conditions—to prevent potentially fatal outcomes and reduce the strain on healthcare services.